NUCE 428 Radioactive Waste Control

Spring 2000

 

Reg.#619686

 

Prof. Arthur T. Motta                        Prof. Barry E. Scheetz

231 Sackett Bldg.                        107 Materials Research Lab.

865-0036                                                865-3539

atm2@psu.edu                                    se6@psu.edu

 

Textbook (for reference): R.L.Murray, “Understanding Radioactive Waste”

Class Notes

 

 

109 Sackett

MWF 8:00-8:50 AM

Office Hours: MWF 9-10, 231 Sackett, or by appointment

 

Summary

 

This course provides an introduction to the technical issues regarding the disposal of high-level and low-level radioactive waste, as a basis for understanding and discussing the environmental and societal impact of the problem. The topics covered range from a basic introduction to the nuclear fuel cycle, a historical perspective on radioactive waste, and basics of biological effects of ionizing radiation, to the alternatives considered for waste disposal, with heavy emphasis on geologic disposal.

 

The focus of the course is interdisciplinary, combining nuclear engineering, geochemistry, chemical engineering, civil engineering and risk assessment, to correctly address the relevant technical issues. The course will include two group projects and class presentations and discussions on environmental aspects of radioactive waste disposal. In previous years, project topics included the environmental risks of energy technologies, options for disposition of excess weapons plutonium and the scientific basis for maximum radiation exposure levels. Each student will also present a topic of his/her choice this semester

 

This course is part of the Environmental minor in the College, and can serve as a technical elective for undergraduate students or as an introductory course for graduate students who will perform work in environmental aspects of waste. No pre-requisites are required, beyond basic Physics and Chemistry.

 


Topics:

 

1.                  Introduction/Basics of Nuclear Power/Nuclear Fuel Cycle

 

2.                  Radioactive Wastes:  Definition and Classification/Sources/Activity/Volume

 

3.                  Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation

 

4.                  Disposal Options for High Level Wastes/Geologic Disposal/Waste Forms

 

5.                  Radionuclide Release from Waste Repositories

 

6.                  Radionuclide Migration in Geologic Media

 

7.                  Natural Analogues/Oklo

 

8.                  Low Level Waste Disposal/The Pennsylvania Case

 

9.                  Mill Tailings/Transport of Waste

 

10.              Options of Choice in the US and in Other Countries

 

11.              Pu issues:  Reprocessing, Actinide Burning, Mixed-Oxide Fuel

 

12.              Risk Assessment and Performance Assessment of Waste Repositories

 

13.              Radioactive Waste and the Future of Nuclear Power

 

 

Grading

 

Grading for this course will have the following distribution:

 

Midterm Exam            20%

Final Exam                   25%

Class Project                20%

Class Presentation            10%

Homework                   10%

Quizzes                        10%

Class Participation            5%

 

Attendance to class is mandatory; if you need to be absent, you need to notify the instructors by email prior to class.

Reading/Reference List

 

Books

 

text: R. L. Murray, “Understanding Radioactive Waste,” Third Ed., Battelle Press, 1989.

 

1.                  D. F. Lau, “Radioactivity and Nuclear Waste Disposal,” John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1987.

 

2.                  R. E. Berlin and C. C. Stanton, “Radioactive Waste Management,” John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1989.

 

3.                  M. Benedict, T. H. Pigford, H. W. Levi, “Nuclear Chemical Engineering,” McGraw-Hill, 1981.

 

4.                  B. L. Cohen, “Before It’s Too Late,” Plenum Press, NY and London, 1983, “The Nuclear Energy Option,” Plenum, 1990.

 

5.                  Y. S. Tang and J. H. Saling, “Radioactive Waste Management,” Hemisphere, 1990.

 

6.                  R. Roy, “Radioactive Waste Disposal,” Pergamon Press, 1982.

 

7.                  W. Lutze and R. C. Ewing eds., “Radioactive Waste Forms for the Future,” North Holland, 1988.

 

8.                  J. R. Lamarsh, “Introduction to Nuclear Engineering,” Addison Wesley, 1977.

 

9.                  J. H. Fremlin, “Power Production What are the Risks?” 2nd. Ed., Adam Hilger and Bristol, New York, 1989.

 

10.              L. J. Carter, “Nuclear Imperatives and Public Trust,” Resources for the Future, Washington 1987.

 

11.              F. C. Shapiro, “RadWaste,” Random House, 1981.

 

12.              V. M. Oversby, “Nuclear Waste Materials,” Ch. 12 in Nuclear Materials, B.R.T. Frost, ed., Vol 10B, “Nuclear Materials” in Materials Science & Technology Series, R. W. Cahn, P. Haasen and E. Kramer, eds.  VCH, 1994, pp. 391-442.

 

13.              The Geologic Disposal of Nuclear Waste, N. A. Chapman and I. G. McKinley, Wiley, 1982.

 

14.              The Scientific and Regulatory Basis for Geological Disposal of Radioactive Waste, D.Savage, ed., Wiley, 1995.

 

Journals/Series

 

·        MRS Symposia on Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management I-XXI.

 

·        Radioactive Waste Conference Series – R. G. Post, ed.

 

·        Journal of Nuclear Materials 192 (1992) volume dedicated to Rad. Waste Management.

 

·        Radioactive Waste Management and the Nuclear Fuel Cycle, Harwood Publishers, journal dedicated to rad waste.

 

·        Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation, BEIRV, NRC, 1990

 

General Articles/428 Reader – Engineering Library

 

·        Materials for Nuclear Waste Disposal, MRS Bulletin, 12/1994.

 

·        N. Tsoulfanidis and R. G. Cochran, “Radioactive Waste Management,” Nucl. Tech. Vol. 13, (1991) 263-304.

 

·        R. L. Murray, “Radioactive Waste Storage and Disposal,” Proc. IEEE 74 (1986)

552-579.

 

Additional References

 

·        The Status of Near-Field Modeling.  Proc. Tech Workshop, Cadarache, France,

11-13, May 1993.  OECD, 1993.

 

·        A. C. Lasaga, "Rate Laws of Chemical Reactions" in “Kinetics of Geochemical Processes,” Reviews in Mineralogy, vol 8, 1981, A. C. Lasaga, R. J. Kirkpatrick, eds. Mineralogical Society of American.  pp. 1-67.

 

·        B. Jensen, “Migration Phenomena of Radionuclides into the Geosphere,” Harwood, Brussels and Luxembourg, 1982.

 

·        D. G. Brookins, “Geochemical Aspects of Radioactive Waste Disposal,” Springer-Verlag, New York, 1984.